real-time information （真实信息).（）

A.real-time system

B.time-share system

C.batch system

D.all the above

Real-time interpreting involves_________

A．the original speaker stopping after every sentence

B．the original speaker whispering

C．the interpreter being dominant

D．the interpreter overlapping

A.rt-VBR(real-time Variable Bit Rate)

B.CBR(Constant Bit Rate)

C.UBR(Unspecified Bit Rate)

D.PBR(Pead Bit Rate)

Africa. Although the current epidemic does not cause a significant risk to other nations, many countries, including China and the United States of America, have actually been working closely with the Ebola hit states. For example, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is taking precautions at home besides its activities abroad.

CDC's team of “virus hunters” is supported by specialized public health teams both in West Africa and at the CDC Atlanta headquarters. Together, they offer continuous support to save lives and protect people. CDC works closely with a number of U.S. government agencies, national and international partners. CDC's experience of working with Ebola is important to the World Health Organization's growing West Africa Ebola response.

On Sept. 2, 2014, CDC Director, Tom Frieden called for more international partners to join this effort. “The sooner the world comes together to help West Africa, the safer we all will be. We know how to stop this outbreak. There is a window of opportunity to do so the challenge is to scale up the massive response needed to stop this outbreak.”

CDC's response to Ebola is the largest international outbreak response in CDC's history with over 100 disease specialists on the ground in West Africa, supported by hundreds of public health emergency response experts stateside , activated at Level 1, its highest level, because of the significance of this outbreak.

The CDC supports affected countries to establish Emergency Operations Centers at national and local levels and helps countries track the epidemic including using real-time data to improve real-time response.

Efforts in West Africa to identify those infected and track people who have come into contact with them are improving. The CDC is operating and supporting labs in the region to improve diagnosis and testing samples from people with suspected Ebola from around the world. Local health care systems are strengthened through communication, coordination with partners and training on infection control for health care workers and safe patient treatment.

26. The 2014 Ebola out bread ask is the first one in western countries.()

27. The headquarters of CDC is in Atlanta.()

28. CDC works closely with some US government agencies, national and international partners in response to the large Ebola outbreak.()

29. There were less than 100 disease specialists from CDC in West Africa for the Ebola response.()

30.CDC is operating and supporting labs in the region to test samples from people with suspected Ebola in West Africa.()

听力原文：W: Hello, University of Sidney. May I help you？

M: Yes. I'm looking for information on courses in computer programming.

W: Do you want a day or evening course？

M: Well, it would have to be an evening course since I work during the day.

W: Uh-huh. Have you taken any courses in data processing？

M: No.

W: Oh, well, data processing is a prerequisite course. You have to take that course before you can take computer programming.

M: Oh, I see. Well, when is it given？ I hope it's not on Tuesdays.

W: There's a class that meets on Monday evenings at seven.

M: Just once a week？

W: Right. But that's almost three hours--from seven to nine forty-five p. m.

M: Oh. Well, that's all right. I could manage that. How many weeks does the course last？

W: Let me see.., oh, yes, twelve weeks. You start the first week in September and finish.., oh... just before Christmas. December twenty-first.

M: And how much is the course？

W: That's 300 dollars, and that includes the necessary computer time.

M: OK. By the way, is there anything that I should bring with me？

W: No. Just your checkbook.

M: Thank you so much.

W: You're very welcome. Bye.

M: Bye.

(9)

A．To inquire about computer programming courses.

B．To inquire about the time of the lecture.

C．To buy some computer books.

D．To open an account.

ly the Barbican museum in London held an exhibition called the Rain Room. During the time this exhibition was open, my Twitter stream was filled with photos of people standing in the Rain Room, accompanied by the caption(标题) “Rain Room @ The Barbican!” and a location attachment to prove that they were indeed in the Rain Room. This got me thinking. What were people actually saying by Tweeting about their visit？ I think all they were doing was meeting the obligation that we have to share. Not sharing in the sense of treasuring a moment with people close to us, but sharing in the sense of "notify the world that I am doing a thing". Its not sharing; its showing off. When we log in to Facebook or Twitter we see an infinitely updating tream of people enjoying themselves. Its not real life, because people only post about the good things whereas all the dull or deep stuff doesnt get mentioned. But despite this obvious fact, it subconsciously makes us feel like everyone is having a better time than us. This is the curse of our age. We walk around with the tools to capture extensive data about our surroundings and transmit them in real-time to every acquaintance weve made. We end "up with adimin is hed perception of reality because were more concerned about choosing a good Instagram filter for our meal than how it tastes. I dont that that its inherently wrong to want to keep the world updated about what youre doing. But when you go through life robotically posting about everything you do, youre not a human being. Youre just a prism(棱镜) that takes bits of light and sound and channels them into the Cloud. The key thing to remember is that you are not enriching your experiences by sharing them online; youre detracting (转移) from them because all your efforts are focused on making them look attractive too they people. Once you stop seeing things through the eyes of the people following you on Twitter or Facebook or instagram, you can make your experiences significant, because you were there and you saw the sights and smelled the smells and heard the sounds, not because, you snapped a photo of it through a half-inch camera lens. What do we learn from the first two paragraphs？

A.Rain Room exhibition received a large audience in London.

B.Most of people feel obligated to share their experience with Mends.

C.Many people want to notify others of their experience by Tweeting.

D.All people having gone to the Rain Room took pictures.

Questions 9～11 are based on the following passage.

Direction：In this part,you will have l5 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet l．For questions 2－8，choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A]，[B]，[C]and[D]．For questions 9—11，complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

Interpretation

Translation and interpretation are the ultimate jobs for people who love language. However，there are a lot of misunderstandings about these two fields，including the difference between them and what kind of skills and education they require．

For some reason．most laypeople refer to both translation and interpretation as“translation”.Although translation and interpretation share the common goal of taking information that is available in one language and converting it to another，they are in fact two separate processes. So what is the difference between translation and interpretation？ It’s very simple.Translation is written—it involves taking a written text(such as a book or an article) and translating it in writing into the target language．Interpretation is oral—it refers to listening to something spoken (a speech or phone conversation)and interpreting it orally into the target language. Incidentally，those who facilitate communication between hearing persons and deaf/hard-of-hearing persons are also known as interpreters．This might seem like a subtle distinction，but if you consider your own language skills．the odds are that your ability to read/write and listen/speak is not identical—you are probablv more skilled at one pair of the other．So translators are excellent writers，while interpreters have superior oral communication skills．In addition，spoken language is quite different from written ,which adds a further dimension to the distinction．Then there’s the fact that translators work alone to produce a translation，while interpreters work with two or more people/groups to provide an interpretation on the spot during negotiations，seminars，phone conversations，etc．

There are two types of interpretation：simultaneous and consecutive interpretation The main difference between them lies in the time lag between the original speech and the interpretation into the foreign language. Simultaneous is "continuous flow" whereas consecutive has a "stop-and-go"rhythm. It is comparable to the difference between doing consecutive and concurrent time.

Simultaneous is real-time interpreting: speakers talk as they normally would, without pause,as the interpreter .listens to one language and speaks in another, all at the same time (hence the term simultaneous), with the voices overlapping, though the speaker's voice is dominant and the interpreter whispers into a microphone. It is also known as U.N. style. interpreting. Simultaneous interpreting is the only way to provide a running rendition of everything said in the courtroom by judge, counsel, witnesses, etc., without requiting the original speaker to stop after every sentence. Few people can interpret simultaneously at a high level of accuracy (80% or better),regardless of their ability to speak the two languages in question. Simultaneous interpretation calls for concentration, mental flexibility, and wide-ranging vocabulary in both languages. Research has shown that 23 cognitive skills are involved in simultaneous interpreting. Current neurological research reveals that interpreting draws heavily upon both left-brain and right-brain functions.

Consecutive interpreting involves a pause between language conversions: first the interpreter listens to the entire original phrase or passage, then interprets it into the other language. This mode is used for Q&A of non-English speaking witnesses, and requires more waiting time. It is important for the interpreter not to be seen whispering to the witness, for that would convey intimacy or collusion to the jury. It is equally impor

Questions 2～6 are based on the following passage.

Direction：In this part,you will have l5 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet l．For questions 2－8，choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A]，[B]，[C]and[D]．For questions 9—11，complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

Interpretation

Translation and interpretation are the ultimate jobs for people who love language. However，there are a lot of misunderstandings about these two fields，including the difference between them and what kind of skills and education they require．

For some reason．most laypeople refer to both translation and interpretation as“translation”.Although translation and interpretation share the common goal of taking information that is available in one language and converting it to another，they are in fact two separate processes. So what is the difference between translation and interpretation？ It’s very simple.Translation is written—it involves taking a written text(such as a book or an article) and translating it in writing into the target language．Interpretation is oral—it refers to listening to something spoken (a speech or phone conversation)and interpreting it orally into the target language. Incidentally，those who facilitate communication between hearing persons and deaf/hard-of-hearing persons are also known as interpreters．This might seem like a subtle distinction，but if you consider your own language skills．the odds are that your ability to read/write and listen/speak is not identical—you are probablv more skilled at one pair of the other．So translators are excellent writers，while interpreters have superior oral communication skills．In addition，spoken language is quite different from written ,which adds a further dimension to the distinction．Then there’s the fact that translators work alone to produce a translation，while interpreters work with two or more people/groups to provide an interpretation on the spot during negotiations，seminars，phone conversations，etc．

There are two types of interpretation：simultaneous and consecutive interpretation The main difference between them lies in the time lag between the original speech and the interpretation into the foreign language. Simultaneous is "continuous flow" whereas consecutive has a "stop-and-go"rhythm. It is comparable to the difference between doing consecutive and concurrent time.

Simultaneous is real-time interpreting: speakers talk as they normally would, without pause,as the interpreter .listens to one language and speaks in another, all at the same time (hence the term simultaneous), with the voices overlapping, though the speaker's voice is dominant and the interpreter whispers into a microphone. It is also known as U.N. style. interpreting. Simultaneous interpreting is the only way to provide a running rendition of everything said in the courtroom by judge, counsel, witnesses, etc., without requiting the original speaker to stop after every sentence. Few people can interpret simultaneously at a high level of accuracy (80% or better),regardless of their ability to speak the two languages in question. Simultaneous interpretation calls for concentration, mental flexibility, and wide-ranging vocabulary in both languages. Research has shown that 23 cognitive skills are involved in simultaneous interpreting. Current neurological research reveals that interpreting draws heavily upon both left-brain and right-brain functions.

Consecutive interpreting involves a pause between language conversions: first the interpreter listens to the entire original phrase or passage, then interprets it into the other language. This mode is used for Q&A of non-English speaking witnesses, and requires more waiting time. It is important for the interpreter not to be seen whispering to the witness, for that would convey intimacy or collusion to the jury. It is equally import

A．it requires more concentration than usual

B．it converts information to another

C．people work alone to accomplish it

D．it require more skills and education

Around the World in Eight Megabytes

When Microsoft put the original Flight Simulator program onto the market, in the early 1980s, I tried it for a while and then gave up. I had thought it would be fun to "take off" from Meigs Field, the airport on the Chicago lakefront where the simulator was programmed to start, and fly between the skyscrapers of the city toward whatever destination I chose. But the on- screen scenery turned out to be sketchy and uninteresting. Worse, I had no idea how to "land" the plane, at Meigs or anywhere else, and the program was not much help in teaching me. After ten or twenty flights that ended mainly with nosedives into the lake or countryside, I decided I could have more fun in other ways.

A dozen years later I became interested in learning to fly (and land) real airplanes, and I thought I should look at simulators again. There were now a range of programs, which were much more effective in teaching flying skills--or at least certain skills. They had also become a form. of entertainment and virtual adventure captivating enough to attract vast numbers of users worldwide. According to Guinness World Records 2001, Microsoft's Flight Simulator had sold a total of 21 million copies by June of 1999.

Simulators' success is certainly deserved. Not many people fly real airplanes; fewer than 650,000 Americans are licensed pilots. But a larger group probably would like to fly. And even people who have almost no interest in flying (surely everybody finds it a little bit exciting to pretend to zoom through the air) or who view computer games as inherently creepy would find it hard to ignore the best modem versions. On a big, high-resolution computer screen you can find yourself facing all amazingly exact rendition of a Learjet cockpit, flying low over the Grand Canyon at dawn, with flashes of lightning visible in the distance, as you listen to air-traffic controllers direct you to the Flagstaff airport. You can take off in a pontoon plane from a lagoon in Bali, fly over paddies on the terraced hillsides, and then head toward java's volcanic craters. You can approach Ayers Rock, in the center of Australia, and watch shadows move across it as the sun goes down. You can indulge in much of the visual romance of flying, without the time, expense, and training required to pilot a real plane.

These riveting effects are the result of an intriguing de facto division of labor. The programs themselves are ail commercial products, from Microsoft and a number of small firms. But a wide variety of add-ons and improvements come from tens of thousands of hobbyists around the world, who spend countless hours polishing or improving some aspect of a program--and then post their work on the Internet for others to share. The flight-sim culture is a delightful reminder of a long-forgotten era, somewhere back in the 1990s, when people were excited about creating software for the new things it would let them do, not simply as a means of gaining market share.

The flight-sim market resembles the rest of the software business mainly in that the most popular offering is from Microsoft. The current version of Microsoft's program is Flight Simulator 2000, or FS2000, which computer discounters offer for about $50. (A "professional" version costs about $70. It includes more simulated airplanes and a larger number of places whose scenery is presented in extra-realistic detail.) With FS2000 and most other programs you can "fly" from practically any point on earth to any other; the differences among the programs lie mostly in the degree of scenic detail, plus certain aspects of the airplanes' look and performance. With all these programs you can also specify the weather conditions through which you'll pass on any particular trip: clouds, wind, turbulence, rain. The fanciest programs let you download the real-time weather for your route, from aviation sites on the

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

The Web Lifestyle

If you asked people today why they used the telephone to communicate with their friends or why they turned to the television for entertainment, they would look at you as if you were crazy. We don't think a- bout a telephone or a television or a car as being oddities. These things have become such an integral part of life that they are no longer noticed, let alone remarked upon.

In the same way, within a decade no one will notice the Web. It will just be there an integral part of life. It will be a reflex to turn to the Web for shopping, education, entertainment and communication, just as it is natural today to pick up the telephone to talk to someone.

There is incredible interest in the Web. Yet it is still in its infancy. The technology and the speed of response are about to leap forward. This will move more and more people to the Web as part of their everyday lives. Eventually, everyone's business card will have an electronic, tail address. Every lawyer, every doctor and every, business—from large to small—will be connected.

In the United States elections, people now turn to the Internet to see real-time results. The Pathfinder mission to Mars and the problems with the Mir space station drew millions of people to the VI kb for more up -to- date detail than were available elsewhere.

A change like this is often generational. Older people have to learn something new outside their everyday experiences, while kids who grow up with a new technology simply treat it as given. College campuses in particular are providing the ingredients to generate the critical mass for a Web-ready culture.

Today in the United States, there are over 22 million adults using the Web, about half of whom access the Internet at least once a day. Meanwhile, the variety of activities on the Web is broadening at an amazing rate. There is almost no topic for which you cannot find fairly interesting material on the Web. Many of these sites are getting excellent traffic flow. Want to buy a dog？ Or sell a share？ Or order a car？ Use the Internet. Where are we going to get the time to live with the Web？ In some instances, people will actually save time because the Web will make doing things more efficient than in the past. Being able to get information about a major purchase, for example. Or finding out how much your used car is worth. Or what is your cheapest way of getting to Florida. That is very easy to find on the Web, even today. In other instances, people will trade the time they now spend reading the paper, or watching television, for information or entertainment they will find on the computer screen. Americans, particularly young ones, will spend less time in front of a television screen, more on the Web.

One great benefit of the Web is that it allows us to move information online that now resides in paper form. Several states in America are using the Web in a profound way. You can apply for various permits or submit applications for business licenses. Some states are putting up listings of jobs—not just state government jobs, but all the jobs available in the state. I believe, over time, that all the information that governments print, and all those paper forms they now have, will be moved on to the Internet. Electronic commerce notches up month-by-month too. It is difficult to measure, because a lot of electronic commerce involves existing buyers and sellers who are simply moving paper-based transactions to the Web. That is not new business. Microsoft, for example, purchases millions of dollars of PCs online instead of by paper. How- ever, that is not a fundamental change; it has just improved the efficiency of an existing process. The biggest impact has occurred where electronic commerce matches buyers and sellers who would not previously have found each other. When you go to a book site and find an obscure book that you never woul

A．Y

B．N

C．NG