Strategic planning is __________ a top-down directive.

Urban Energy Planning for a Sustainable Environment

The People's Republic of China (China) is the world's most populous country and the second largest energy consumer, with a rapid economic growth that has led to sharp increases in energy demand. In order to address this issue, China has to make a large investment in energy development and production and in the improvement of energy efficiency.

At the beginning of 1998, the Chinese government enforced the Energy Conservation Law (ECL), promoting and encouraging energy efficiency as well as the development and use of renewable energy.

In November 2001, in the framework of the Sino-Italian Cooperation Programme for Environment Protection (SICP), the Italian Ministry of Environment and Territory (IMET) and the State Environmental Protection Administration of the People's Republic of China (SEPA) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU).

According to the MOU, SEPA and IMET agreed to undertake the project titled Urban Energy Planning for a Sustainable Environment (UENP) at the municipal level. A set of "target" municipalities was identified within China's territory, allowing for a subsequent dissemination of the UENP approach to other locations with similar energy efficiency problems. Initially, the energy planning effort will be primarily focused on three cities: Jinan, Suzhou and Taiyuan.

Project Objectives

The general objective of the UENP is to identify and evaluate optimal solutions to reduce CO2 emissions and to improve the integrated environmental quality in the long run.

More specific objectives are:

the assessment within the "pilot" municipalities of the potential for an increase in energy efficiency in the most significant energy consumption sectors, taking into account the general structure of energy supplies and use and related environmental pollution issues.

the formulation of feasible energy planning for each one of the pilot municipalities which may serve as a basic support for and guidance to the local authorities in the energy development and environmental protection sectors.

The UENP will enable local governments to make appropriate decisions about energy production and consumption at the local level, for the industry, agriculture, service, and civil infrastructure sectors. The development of such a planning tool will involve both international and national experts as well as local experts and authorities in order to guarantee the sharing of the results.

Capacity Building

All of the activities included in Phases A, B and C will be performed through a close cooperation between the Italian and the Chinese expert teams. During the project, a specific program of training and capacity building for the Chinese experts will be activated.

Project Funding

The total cost of the project is 1.1 million Euro, including 0.3 million Euro for the activities to be performed by SEPA. CETMA will act as the implementation agency for the Italian side.

Duration of the Project

The duration of the project is estimated to be 18 months.

Methodological Approach

The UENP will consist of the following three phases:

Phase A: Energy Planning Framework

Aim of this phase will be to assess the current energy situation in China, with a national as well as a regional perspective.

This exercise will provide the conceptual and strategic framework for the activities to be developed in the following project phases. Phase A will include the following main activities:

review of the present conditions of the national and regional economics, energy sources and environment;

estimation of energy demand (medium and long term) and the potential load on the environment.

Phase B:

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

听力原文：W: Are you going to Jim's party？

M: I'd been planning on it, but I just don't feel up to it tonight.

Q: What does the man imply？

(15)

A．He has to work tonight.

B．He seldom goes to parties.

C．He will probably miss the party.

D．He doesn't enjoy Jim's party.

听力原文：W: Fasten your seat belts, sir.

M: Of course, I didn't realize we were planning to land so soon.

Q: Where is this conversation probably taking place？

(14)

A．On the plane.

B．On a train.

C．On a bus.

D．In an automobile.

听力原文：M: I wish I could see George here.

W: He was planning to come. But a moment ago, his wife called to say that he had to take his father to the hospital.

Q: Who was ill？

(17)

A．George's brother.

B．George's wife.

C．George's father.

D．George's father-in-law.

听力原文：M: I wish I could see George here.

W: He was planning to come, but a moment ago his wife called to say that he had to take his father to the hospital.

Q: Who was ill？

(23)

A．For a basketball match.

B．For a table tennis match.

C．For a football match.

D．For a volleyball match.

A．Those interested in the power of persuasion.

B．Those trying to improve their public images.

C．Those planning to take up some public work.

D．Those eager to become effective speakers.

W: Yeah, and what's more ironic is you seldom attended the lectures.

Q: What does the woman imply？

(5)

A．She thinks it is unfair.

B．She thinks it is unbelievable too.

C．She thinks he should not have chosen urban planning.

D．She thinks he should attend the lectures.

W: I was planning to, but I haven't been feeling well, so I stayed at home and did nothing else.

Q: Where did the woman go last Saturday？

(16)

A．She went to Atlanta.

B．She went to a convention.

C．She went to a hospital.

D．She stayed at home.

听力原文：W: I’ m wondering if I should apply for this. What do you think？

M: Well, personally I think that's a great idea. It sounds really interesting and the money's good.

Q: What are they talking about？

(17)

A．The woman is thinking about applying for a job.

B．They are discussing a movie.

C．They are planning a surprise party for a friend.

D．The man is applying for university.

M: Terrific. I'm on tile second day of my diet. I'm trying to control my sweet tooth...

Q: What does the man imply？

(17)

A．He doesn't like chocolate cake.

B．He's planning to begin a new diet tonight.

C．It'll be hard for him to refuse the dessert.

D．He gets a toothache when he eats sweets.

W: That sounds most fun. But I'd better warn you beforehand, I've never been in a canoe and I am not much of a swimmer either.

Q: What does the woman mean？

(14)

A．She'd rather go swimming than hiking.

B．She needs to buy a canoe before the trip.

C．She'd like to go although she has little experience.

D．She doesn't enjoy camping.