In most of Asian belief systems, there is an essential part of ______.

Getting energy from the ocean is important to ______.

A．Russia because of its limited coal and petroleum resources on land

B．America because it is the greatest consumer of energy in the world

C．Asia because most of Asian countries lack other sources of energy

D．South America because a great part of the population is very poor

听力原文： American visitors to Eastern Asia are often surprised and puzzled by how Asian cultures and customs differ from those in the United States. What's considered typical or proper social conduct in one country may be regard as odd, improper or even rude in the other. For example, people from some Eastern Asian countries may begin a conversation with a stranger by asking personal questions about family, home or work. Such questions are thought to be friendly, whereas they might be considered offensive in the United States. On the other hand, people in most Asian cultures are far more guarded about expressing their feelings publicly than most Americans are. Openly displaying annoyance or anger, yelling, arguing loudly and so forth is considered ill-mannered in countries such as Japan. Many Eastern Asians prefer to hold their emotions in check and instead express themselves with great politeness. They try not to be blunt and avoid making direct criticisms. In fact, they often keep their differences of opinion to themselves and merely smile and remain silent rather than engage in a confrontation. By comparison, Americans are often frank about displaying both positive and negative emotions on the street and in other public places. Americans visiting Asia should keep in mind that such behavior. may cause offense. A major difference between American culture and most Asian cultures is that in Asia, the community is more important than the individual. Most Americans are considered a success when they make a name for themselves.

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A．By greeting each other very politely.

B．By exchanging their views on public affairs.

C．By displaying their feelings and emotions.

D．By asking each other some personal questions.

听力原文： Hong Kong is a city inclined toward red; in Thailand the color is yellow; India leans toward reds and oranges. To an Asian colors are infused with beliefs, religious and otherwise. To the Chinese, red is very lucky, but to Thais yellow brings good fortune. The combination of blue, black, and white is, to the Chinese, suggestive of a funeral.

Many Western businessmen believe that most Asians have become Westernized in their outlook, but Westernization and education do not usually completely replace the culture and beliefs of an Asian's forefathers. They tend instead to make a more intricate alliance between his culture and religious bonds. The approach required to sell an Asian any commodity must follow the basic formula of catering to national pride, acknowledging equality, and understanding the Asian's beliefs.

Color is a touchy thing. Advertisers are advised to take into consideration the religious and superstitious beliefs connected with colors before using them. The color combinations of green and purple are acceptable throughout Asia, but using one or both of these colors is no guarantee of sales, as a prominent manufacturer of water-recreation products learned in Malaysia. its home office received heated requests from its Malaysian distributors to stop shipments on all products colored green. The distributors reported that numerous customers associated the color green with the jungle and illness.

(30)

A．The symbolic significance of a specific color.

B．The subtle cultural connotation of colors.

C．The influence of Westernization on Asian people's outlook.

D．Expensive lessons Western businessmen learned in Asia.

听力原文： About two percent of the population of the United States is of Asian origin—some five million people. Chinese, Japanese, and Philippines form. the largest groups. However, there are also significant numbers of Asian-Indians, Pakistanis, Koreans, and Vietnamese now living in America. As a result of the war in Vietnam, some 350,000 refugees from that country have entered the United States since the early 1970s．

Chinese and Japanese workers were imported into the United States by employers in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries．Most of the Chinese settled in California, where they were employed mainly in heavy industries, such as mining and railroad construction. They were faced with intense prejudice and discrimination, especially from lower-class white people, who saw them as a source of threat to their jobs. The retreat of the Chinese into distinct Chinatowns was not primarily their choice, but was enforced by the hostility they faced. Since Chinese immigration was ended by law in 1882, the Chinese remained largely isolated from the wider society—at least until recently.

Most of the Japanese immigrants also settled in California and the other Pacific states. During World WarⅡ, following the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan, all Japanese Americans in the United States were made to report to“relocation centers”which were effectively concentration camps. In spite of the fact that most of the Japanese were American citizens, they were compelled to live in the hastily established camps for the duration of the war.

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A．About 35,000.

B．About 250,000.

C．About 350,000.

D．About 25,000.

W: Well, C. K. or Calvin Klein, is really divided up between two worlds--the Calvin Klein Luxury Business which we call the "Collection" which is the best, the most expensive, luxurious products. And the world of C..K. which is really inspired by generation acts. It's targeted to the younger people, to people who are more concerned about value, price, style. And the audience is much broader.

M: You are planning a fairly major assault on the Asian market. How did you set up？

W: Well, we set up an Asian company; we set up a Japanese company--Calvin Klein Japan, and Calvin Klein Asia. People who open up retail stores will distribute our products to other retail stores, and set up" ship in shop" concepts, distribute Jeans more broadly, underwear and various other products that we make. And that's really exciting.

M: What does this mean though for your existing business relationships in Asia？

W: Isetan is one of our partners in the Japanese companies, as Mitsui is one of our partners. There is a group of some of the best business partners that we could have, who together understand what the mission is, and to really take full advantage of the opportunities that are there in Japan and Southeast Asia for us. And we're doing the same in Europe. The plan is to globalize, you know. And we are doing, we are mirroring the same strategy in Europe as in Asia.

(23)

A．The most expensive products for women and children.

B．The most practical clothes for the old and the young.

C．The best and most luxurious garment products for men and women.

D．The best but very cheap jeans and underwear for ordinary consumers.

ian Americans have become the fastest-growing U.S. minority (少数民族). As their children began moving up through the nation’s schools, it became clear that a new class of academic achievers was emerging. Their achievements are reflected in the nation’s best universities, where mathematics, science and engineering departments have taken on a decidedly Asian character. This special liking for mathematics and science is partly explained by the fact that Asian-American students who began their educations abroad arrived in the U.S. with a solid grounding in mathematics but little or no knowledge of English. They are also influenced by the promise of a good job after college. Asians feel there will be less unfair treatment in areas like mathematics and science because they will be judged more objectively. And the return on the investment in education is more immediate in something like engineering than with an arts degree.

Most Asian-American students owe their success to the influence of parents who are determined that their children take full advantage of what the American educational system has to offer. An effective measure of parental attention is homework. Asian parents spend more time with their children than American parents do, and it helps. Many researchers also believe there is something in Asian Culture that breeds success, such ideals that stress family values and emphasize education.

Both explanations for academic success worry Asian Americans because of fears that they feed a typical racial (种族的) image. Many can remember when Chinese, Japanese and Filipino immigrants (移民) were the victims of social isolation. Indeed, it was not until 1952 that laws were laid down giving all Asian immigrants the right to citizenship.

第31题：While making tremendous achievements at college, Asian-American students ________.

A) feel they are mistreated because of limited knowledge of English

B) are afraid that their academic successes bear a strong Asian character

C) still worry about unfair treatment in society

D) generally feel it a shame to have to depend on their parents

The Asian Economic Crisis

Over the last several months, the economic news has been dominated by the crisis in East Asia—uncontrollable fluctuation in stock markets, widespread business and banking failures, and the sharp decline of currencies throughout the region. Americans are concerned when our stock market fluctuates in response, they wonder about our role in responding to the crisis, and they worry about the overall impact of the crisis on the U.S. economy.

What is the Crisis？

The economic trouble in East Asia is largely a banking and investment crisis linked to a collapse of investor confidence. Because East Asian economies are closely tied together, a series of problems—starting with a flawed exchange rate policy in Thailand this past summer—have quickly spilled over into neighboring countries. Five countries have been hit the hardest—Thailand, Indonesia, South Korea, and to a lesser extent, Malaysia and the Philippines—but a total of thirteen countries have been affected. Taken together, these economies comprise approximately a third of the world economy. The sum of money involved make this the largest economic crisis in recent years, far larger than the Latin American debt crisis of the 1980s or the Mexican peso crisis in 1995.

What Caused it？

For several years, Pacific Rim countries were growing rapidly. A huge wave of investment poured into these "Asian tiger" countries, but much of it was invested unwisely. In a word, there was too much of everything: over-investment, overloading, and over-building in ill-conceived real estate and industrial projects; over-saving, diverting the buying power from people; and over-guidance, with too many bureaucrats and government officials deciding which companies receive loans and investment. The region's successes Obscured banking and financial systems full of mismanagement and corruption. People ignored warning signs in the booming, rapidly changing economy, and overlooked the lack of reliable information and financial system safeguards.

How Serious is the Crisis？

The Asian financial turmoil represents a serious threat to global prosperity. We are clearly at a critical moment for Asia. The outlook today is better than it was a few weeks ago, with most markets showing signs of recovery. Yet we should not be complacent. The problem is that the loss of confidence can be highly contagious. If, for example, Indonesia's economy collapses, so could other nearby economies, and that could take down markets across the world. In addition, although the crisis has not spread to China, it faces some of the same problems as its neighbors. So clearly the main concern is that the crisis will not worsen and spread.

What is the Impact on the U.S.？

Most experts believe that the current turmoil will have a modest but meaningful impact on the U.S. Our economy is fundamentally strong and should be able to weather the current crisis. Moreover, as a result of our own financial crises in 1929 and in the 1980s, protections have been put in place to prevent most of the problems the East Asian economies are experiencing.

On the negative side, U.S. will likely see its trade deficit grow as changes in exchange rates make imports cheaper and our exports more expensive. Some U.S. companies could see lower profits and some job loss, and wages could be held down. The experts think that U.S. economic growth for 1998 could be cut by up to a point, to around 2%. On the positive side, cheaper imports mean lower prices for consumers and should help keep down inflation in the U.S. In addition, our interest rates are falling, as investors worried about East Asia shift their funds to the U.S. That means, for example, lower home mortgage(抵押) rates for Americans.

A greater fear is that the problems may undermine the political stability of the region and affect U

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

听力原文： When the Westinghouse Science Talent Search Team named its top achievers in 1983, the grand prize went to Paul Ning, then 16.

Paul Ning is not a native-bom American. He is the son of a professor from the People's Republic of China. Ning came to the United States at the age of three. By 11, he was constructing a simple wind tunnel to study the relationship between speed and pressure. Now being a senior at the superb Bronx High School of Science in New York City, Ning feels: "You have to be aggressive in your studies to really understand what you're doing." His mother adds: "He always tries to prove to us and to himself that he is the best."

Out of 40 Westinghouse finalists, nine, including Ning, were born in Asia and three others were of Asian descent. This story has reminded us of the fact that some 10% of Harvard University's freshman class is Asian-American. While no more than 15% of California high sebeol graduates are eligible for admission to the University of California system, about 40% of Asian-American qualify.

Most educators believe that Asian scholastic achievement has much to do with breeding and nurture. Many Asian- American children have also well-educated parents who are always on the school's side. In addition, most Asians regard education as the best way to recognition and success through which they pay the indefinite debt to parents. Also, this is a way of showing filial duty. As a result, it is no wonder that Asian-American children usually do a far better job than their classmates.

(30)

A．New York City.

B．Somewhere in the United States

C．Somewhere other than the United States.

D．Somewhere other than Asia.