How men first learned to invent words is unknown; in other words, the origin of language i - 赤豆云问答

第1题

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage: There are two methods of fighting,

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

There are two methods of fighting, the one by law, the other by force; the first method is that of men, the second of beasts; but as the first method is often insufficient, one must have recourse to the second. It is, therefore, necessary for a prince to know well how to use both the beast and the man. This was covertly taught to rulers by ancient writers, who related how Achilles and many others of those ancient princes were given to Chiron the centaur to be brought up and educated under his discipline. The parable of this semi animal, semi human teacher is meant to indicate that a prince must know how to use both natures, and that the one without the other is not durable. A prince, being thus obliged to know well how to act as a beast, must imitate the fox, and the lion, for the lion cannot protect himself from traps, and the fox annot defend himself from wolves. Those that wish to be only lions do not understand this. Therefore, a prudent ruler ought not to keep faith when by doing so it would be against his interest, and when the reasons which made him bind himself no longer exist. If men were all good, this precept would not be good ; but as they are bad, and would not observe their faith with you, so you are not bound to keep faith with them. Nor have legitimate grounds ever failed a prince who wished to show colorable excuse for the nonfulfilment of his promise. Of this one could furnish an infinite number of examples, and show how many times peace has been broken, and how many promises rendered worthless, by the faithlessness of princes, and those that have best been able to imitate the fox have succeeded best. But it is necessary to be able to disguise this character well, and to be a great feigner and dissembler, and men are so simple and so ready to obey present necessities, that the one who deceives will always find those who allow themselves to be deceived. The author of the passage does not believe that ____

A.A.people can protect themselves

B.B.the truth makes men free

C.C.leaders have to be consistent

D.D.princes are human

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第2题

听力原文：（32) How men first learnt to invent words is unknown, in other words, the origin

听力原文： (32) How men first learnt to invent words is unknown, in other words, the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, (33) somehow invented certain sounds to express thoughts and feel hugs, actions and things, so that they could communicate with each other, and that later they agreed upon certain signs, called letters, which could be combined to represent those sounds, and which could be written down. Those sounds, whether spoken, or written in letters we call words. (34) The power of words, then, lies in their associations--the things they bring up before our minds. Words become filled with meaning for us by experience, and the longer we live, the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past, and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean something to us increases.

Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions. This charming and telling use of words is what we call literery style. Above all, (35) the real poet is a master of words. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music, and which by then position and association can move men to tears. We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and vulgar.

(33)

A．A legend handed down from the past.

B．A matter that is hidden or secret.

C．A question difficult to answer.

D．A problem not yet solved.

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第3题

听力原文：How men first learnt to invent words is unknown, in other words, the origin of la

听力原文： How men first learnt to invent words is unknown, in other words, the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain sounds to express thoughts and feel hugs, actions and things, so that they could communicate with each other, and that later they agreed upon certain signs, called letters, which could be combined to represent those sounds, and which could be written down. Those sounds, whether spoken, or written in letters we call words. The power of words, then, lies in their associations--the things they bring up before our minds. Words become filled with meaning for us by experience, and the longer we live, the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past, and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean something to us increases.

Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions. This charming and telling use of words is what we call literery style. Above all, the real poet is a master of words. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music, and which by then position and association can move men to tears. We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and vulgar.

(33)

A．A legend handed down from the past.

B．A matter that is hidden or secret.

C．A question difficult to answer.

D．A problem not yet solved.

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第4题

听力原文：Outrageous shopping bills are a familiar nightmare for many compulsive shoppers.

And contrary to popular opinion, men suffer that nightmare nearly as often as women. A new survey finds that both genders are almost equally likely to suffer compulsive buying disorder, a condition marked by uncontrollable, unnecessary and unaffordable shopping sprees. Researchers used to estimate that between 2 and 16 percent of the US population suffered compulsive buying disorder, and that 90 percent of sufferers were female. But a 2004 telephone survey of more than 2,500 American adults found that 6 percent of women and about 5.5 percent of men are compulsive shoppers; that's more than 1 in 20 adults. The sexes do not shop at the same aisles though. Experts say that women are more likely to binge-buy things like clothes or gifts for other people while men tend to buy expensive electronics. This survey is the first to find such a high number of compulsive shoppers in the general population. Study authors hope that this finding can convince doctors of how many people are hurt by the disorder, so they can make finding a cure a priority.

How many people of US population suffered compulsive buying disorder？

A．2 to 60 percent.

B．2 to 16 percent.

C．20 to 60 percent.

D．16 to 20 percent.

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第5题

An ideal college should be a community, a place of close, natural, intimate association, n

ot only of the young men who are its pupils and novices in various lines of study, but also of young men with older men, with veterans and professionals in the great undertaking of learning, of teachers with pupils, outside the classroom as well as inside it. No one is successfully educated within the walls of any particular classroom or laboratory or museum; and no amount of association, however close and familiar and delightful, between mere beginners can ever produce the sort of enlightenment which the young lad gets when he first begins to catch the infection of learning. The trouble with most of our colleges nowadays is that the faculty of the college live one life and the undergraduates quite a different one. They constitute two communities. The life of the undergraduates is not touched with the personal influence of the teachers: life among the teachers is not touched by the personal impressions which should come from frequent and intimate contact with undergraduates. This separation need not exist, and, in the college of the ideal university, would not exist.

It is perfectly possible to organize the life of our colleges in such a way that students and teachers alike will take part in it; in such a way that a perfectly natural daily intercourse will be established between them; and it is only by such an organization that they can be given real vitality as places of serious training, be made communities in which youngsters will come fully to realize how interesting intellectual work is, how vital, how important, how closely associated with all modern achievement--only by such an organization that study can be made to seem part of life itself. Lectures often seem very formal and empty things; recitations generally prove very dull and unrewarding. It is in conversation and natural intercourse with scholars chiefly that you find how lively knowledge is, how it ties into everything that is interesting and important, how intimate a part it is of everything that is "practical" and connected with the world. Men are not always made thoughtful by books; but they are generally made thoughtful by association with men who think.

The present and most pressing problem of our university authorities is to bring about this vital association for the benefit of the novices of the university world, the undergraduates. Classroom methods are thorough enough; competent scholars already lecture and set tasks and superintend their performance; but the life of the average undergraduate outside the classroom and other stated appointments with his instructors is not very much affected by his studies, and is entirely dissociated from intellectual interests.

An ideal college ______.

A．should have mature, experienced and professional men on its staff

B．should be managed by experienced scholars

C．should be managed by experienced scholars and energetic young men

D．should see tight, harmonious connection between the experienced and the inexperienced

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第6题

About Gender: DifferencesIt is said that the first thing we ask about a newborn baby is "I

About Gender: Differences

It is said that the first thing we ask about a newborn baby is "Is it a boy or a girl？" But it might be considered that this is the first thing we ask ourselves whenever we meet anyone new. Perhaps this is why we find it so threatening if the cues are uncertain, and even more so if we find our first assumptions turns out to be incorrect.

Men are different from women. That would seem to be self-evident. They are different in ability, skill and behavior, but then, so is every individual person. So why do we make such a fuss about it？ It seems not unreasonable to suggest that the sexes are different because their brains are different, but then no two human brains are the same It is suggested that our culture is in trouble because many women have been brought up to believe they should be as good as men. Well, why not？

We will only touch on these topics briefly. There is enough material for a dozen books. Suffice it to say that all the studies report on the way boys and girls are, not how they got to be that way, or rather how they were at the time of the study. Commonality across cultures and species implies' some biological basis. The fact that the situation is changing reflects the power of socialization.

At School

There are studies about relative abilities of perception, vision, sound and touch. Certainly, if you watched a carpenter run his fingers al0hg a planed surface and being able to tell how smooth it was, you would find it difficult to believe that boys lack tactile (触觉的) sensitivity.

Another is that girls tend to pick up auditory information while boys do better visually. Several studies suggested that, from school age on, boys outperformed girls in areas of mathematics involving abstract concepts of space, relationships and theory. The big issue is the difference in the spatial abilities between boys and girls. It seems that boys find it much easier to visualize and deal with spaces, the position of objects, relative heights and dimensions. In a test involving a three dimensional mechanical device, only a quarter of the girls could perform. the task as well as the boys and it isn't recorded if any boys were actually worse.

Why are girls more successful at school？ Perhaps emphasis on communication in projects and exams could explain the situation. Success at school nowadays depends on being able to write essays and examination papers. If girls are better at verbal communication than boys, then they are likely to succeed. But, if there are more boys than girls who find difficulty learning at school, does it not imply a serious defect in our educational system？

In Sports

In general, men are taller and heavier than women. In sports, men tend to outperform. women in strength and speed. Women seem to have greater endurance. In spite of many attempts, sports have never become completely intended for both men and women.

Yet, for example, running speeds for male and female athletes have improved steadily through the 20th century, but women have improved much more than men. The same is found for, athletics, swimming and cycling. Hence it is predicted that sex differences might disappear by the middle of the next century. However S. Seller and S. Sailer, in "The Gender Gap.. Elite Women are Running Further Behind", point out that, since the date of their studies, the rate of improvement has much reduced. They suggest a correlation with the use of drugs enhancing performance, and their more recent prohibition. These have a greater effect on women than they do with men.

Biological Differences

Men, it is said, are generally more aggressive, physically and verbally, and enjoy taking risks. They play fighting games and enjoy "dares". More men than women are convicted for crimes, especially crimes of violence.

Some say that this is simply a matter of biology, others

A．questioned by the author

B．certainly true

C．widely denied

D．not commented on

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第7题

完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、D)中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项，

完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

In its home country of Germany, the hot dog was called the frankfurter. It was named __16__ Frankfurt, a German city.

Frankfurters were first __17__ in the United States in __18__. Americans called frankfurters “dachshund sausages” (达克思香肠).A dachshund is a dog from Germany __19__ a very long body and short legs. Dachshund sausages first 20 popular in New York, __21__ at baseball games. At games they were sold by men __22__ kept them __23__ in hot-water tanks.

As the men walked __24__ the rows of people, they yelled, “Get your dachshund sausages! Get your hot dachshund sausages!

“People got the sausages on 25, a special bread. 26 in 1906 a newspaper cartoonist __27__ Tad Dorgan went to a baseball game. __28__ he saw the men with the dachshund sausages, he got an idea __29__ a cartoon. The next day at the newspaper office he __30__ a bun with a dachshund inside--31 a dachshund sausage, 32 a dachshund. Dorgan __33__ how to spell dachshund. Under the cartoon, he wrote “Get your hot dogs!”

The cartoon was a sensation (轰动), and __34__. If you go to a baseball game today, you can still see sellers walking __35__ with hot-water tanks. As they walk up and down the rows they yell.

“Get your hot dogs here! Get your hot dogs!”

第16题：

[A] with

[B] after

[C] by

[D] of

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第8题

听力原文：This guy goes to a bar that's on the tenth floor of a hotel. He sits clown and ha

s a couple of drinks, then stands up, announces loudly that he has had enough, and goes over and jumps out the window. Now, there are two men who are sitting at a window table, and having that natural human curiosity about the strange situation, watch as this man put himself to certain death. However, just as he is about to hit the ground, he rights himself, pulls his feet underneath himself, and lands gracefully. He then turns and comes back into the building. Naturally, the two men are amazed. The guy comes back into the bar, orders a few drinks, then repeats the process. The two men at the window seat are astonished! When the guy returns and repeats the procedure AGAIN, the two men stop him before he jumps and ask him how on earth he does that. He replies "It's simple, really. There's an air vent down by the ground, and if you catch the updraft, you can right yourself and land on the ground with no problems." Then he proceeded to jump out the window again. Well, these two men decided that they just HAD to try this, so they' jumped out the window, and SPLAT!--made a mess hitting all over the ground. Meanwhile, the first guy has made it back up to the bar. When he sits down to order his drinks, the bartender says "You can be a real superman—when you're drunk!"

(34)

A．Fourth.

B．Fifth.

C．Tenth.

D．Twelfth.

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第9题

Man has always wanted to fly.Some of the greatest men in history have thought about th

e problem.One of these，for example，was the great Italian artist, Leonardo da Vinci(达·芬奇).In the sixteenth century he made designs for machines that would fly.But they were never built.Throughout history, other less famous men have wanted to fly.An example was a man in England 800 years ago.He made a pair of wings from chicken feathers.Then he fixed them to his body and jumped into the air from a tall building.He did not fly very far.Instead，he fell to the ground and broke every bone in his body.

The first real steps took place in France, in 1783.Two brothers, the Montgolfiers, made a very large “hot air balloon”.They knew that hot air rises.Why not fill a balloon with it？The balloon was made of cloth and paper.In September of that year，the King and Queen of France came to see the balloon.They watched it carry the very first air passengers into the sky.The passengers were a sheep and a chicken.We do not know how they felt about the trip.But we do know that the trip lasted eight minutes and that the animals landed safely.Two months later，two men did the same thing.They rose above Paris in a balloon of the same kind.Their trip lasted twenty-five minutes and they travelled about eight kilometers.

26.Leonardo da Vinci ______ .

A.said that man would fly in the sky one day

B.built a kind of machine which never flew

C.drew many beautiful pictures of birds

D.made designs for flying machine

27.Eight hundred years ago an Englishman ______ .

A.made a kind of flying machine

B.tried to fly with wings made of chicken feather

C.wanted to build a kind of balloon

D.tried to fly on a large bird

28.In fact，the Englishman who tried to fly ______ .

A.lost his life

B.flew only 8minutes

C.got badly wounded

D.succeeded in flying

29.The very first air passengers in the balloon were ______.

A.two animals

B.two Frenchmen

C.the King and the Queen

D.the Montgolfiers

30.When did two Frenchmen rise above Paris？______

A.In December 1783.

B.In September 1783.

C.In November 1783.

D.In the seventeenth century.

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第10题

听力原文：How do you rise to the top in business？ What personal qualifies, skills, and back

听力原文： How do you rise to the top in business？ What personal qualifies, skills, and background are needed？ Such questions are frequently asked by students preparing to enter the work force and by men and women already in the business world.

Some companies ware executives who combine administrative ability with a specialty in some branch of knowledge, such as mathematics or engineering. Other companies look for people skilled in human relations. For them, good management is the art of solving "people problems".

These are interesting insights, but what are the specific traits that will help people to climb the ladder of success？

First, drive. Business takes an unusual amount of energy. A successful executive—almost by definition—is a striver. According to one industrial psychologist, 86.5% of top managers have a higher activity level than the average middle managers. Top men get tense when they are not staving.

Second, people sense. Some say being able to judge people is more important than a high IQ. The skill can be instinctual, but in most cases it's learned through hard work.

Third, communication ability. An executive gets things done through other people. That means his communications must come through loud and clear. Different executives make themselves understood in different ways. Some transmit ideas best face to face; others are masters of the telephone call; still others are persuasive writers. One way or another, they all communicate clearly.

Fourth, calm under pressure, or as Hemingway put it, "grace under pressure". No businessman will get very far if he chokes up.

(30)

A．Two.

B．Three.

C．Four.

D．Five.

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